Most stations on simple double track lines have a platform on the outside of each track, so with left hand running the train will arrive from the right. Occasionally you see "island" platforms on double tracks, with a double-sided platform between the tracks and hence the train will arrive from the left.
Where there are four tracks there are two common arrangements for directions of running. If the tracks are "up, up, down, down" then there will most likely be an island between the two up tracks and another between the down tracks. Trains arrive from the left and right on opposite sides of each island. If the tracks are "up, down, up, down" then there are more likely to be two side platforms and an island and again all the trains will arrive from the right. There are of course many exceptions to this!
At major stations all bets are off. There can be many platforms on either side of the lines and it is common also for the same track to be used in both directions.